Cities
What is measured
River and coastal flooding, earthquakes, tropical cyclones, wildfire in the vegetation around the city, extreme heat and air quality. Each is measured in its own physical unit first, then mapped onto a 0-100 scale.
What is not
Flood defences, building codes, emergency services and insurance. The scores describe the hazard a place is exposed to, not how well it is prepared - global data on preparedness does not exist at a usable quality.
Check the working
The methodology gives every formula and every threshold, and each city page links the raw JSON behind it. Disagree with a weighting? The per-hazard scores are all there.